Publikationen zum Fachbereich SOA

Publikationen in Zeitschriften und Büchern

• Christian Stahl, Peter Massuthe, and Jan Bretschneider. Deciding Substitutability of Services with Operating Guidelines. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency II, Special Issue on Concurrency in Process-Aware Information Systems, 2(5460): 172-191, March 2009.

  Abstract: Deciding whether a service S can be substituted by another service S' is an important problem in practice and one of the research challenges in service-oriented computing. In this paper, we define three substitutability notions for services. Accordance specifies that S' cooperates with at least the environments that S cooperates with. S and S' are equivalent if they cooperate with the same environments. To guarantee that S' cooperates with a fixed subset of environments that S cooperates with, the notion of restriction can be used. For each substitutability notion we present a decision algorithm. To this end we apply the concept of an operating guideline of a service as an abstract representation of all environments the service cooperates with.

  

• Kees van Hee, Eric Verbeek, Christian Stahl, and Natalia Sidorova. A Framework for Linking and Pricing No-Cure-No-Pay Services. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency II, Special Issue on Concurrency in Process-Aware Information Systems, 2: 192-207, March 2009.

  Abstract: In this paper, we present a framework that allows us to orchestrate web services such that the web services involved in this orchestration interact properly. To achieve this, we predefine service interfaces and certain routing constructs. Furthermore, we define a number of rules to incrementally compute the price of such a properly interacting orchestration (i.e. a web service) from the price of its web services. The fact that a web service gets only payed after its service is delivered (no-cure-no-pay) is reflected by considering a probability of success. To determine a safe price that includes the risk a web service takes, we consider the variance of costs.

  

• Wil M. P. van der Aalst, Niels Lohmann, Peter Massuthe, Christian Stahl, and Karsten Wolf. Multiparty Contracts: Agreeing and Implementing Interorganizational Processes. The Computer Journal, 2008. Note: (Accepted for publication).

  Abstract: To implement an interorganizational process between different enterprizes, one needs to agree on the ``rules of engagement''. These can be specified in terms of a contract that describes the overall intended process and the duties of all parties involved. We propose to use such a process-oriented contract which can be seen as the composition of the public views of all participating parties. Based on this contract each party may locally implement its part of the contract such that the implementation (the private view) agrees on the contract. In this paper, we propose a formal notion for such process-oriented contracts and give a criterion for accordance between a private view and its public view. The public view of a party can be substituted by a private view if and only if the private view accords with the public view. Using the notion of accordance the overall implemented process is guaranteed to be deadlock-free and it is always possible to terminate properly. In addition, we present a technique for automatically checking our accordance criterion. A case study illustrates how our proposed approach can be used in practice.

  

• Wil M. P. van der Aalst, Michael Beisiegel, Kees M. van Hee, Dieter König, and Christian Stahl. An SOA-based architecture framework. International Journal of Business Process Integration and Management (IJBPIM), 2(2): 91-101, 2007.

  Abstract: We present an Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)-based architecture framework. The architecture framework is designed to be close to industry standards, especially to the Service ComponentArchitecture (SCA).The framework is language independent and the building blocks of each system, activities and data, are first class citizens.We present a meta model of the architecture framework and discuss its concepts in detail. Through the framework, concepts of an SOA such as wiring, correlation and instantiation can be clarified.

  

• Peter Massuthe and Karsten Wolf. An Algorithm for Matching Non-deterministic Services with Operating Guidelines. International Journal of Business Process Integration and Management (IJBPIM), 2(2): 81-90, 2007.

  Abstract: Interorganisational cooperation is more and more organised by the paradigm of services. Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) provide a general framework for service interaction. SOA describe three roles of services, the service provider, the service requester and the service broker, together with the three operations publish, find and bind. We provide a formal method based on non-deterministic automata to model services and their interaction. In this paper, we restrict ourselves to finite and acyclic automata. We suggest operating guidelines as a convenient and intuitive artefact to realise the publish operation. In our approach, the find operation reduces to a matching problem between the requesters service and the published operating guidelines. If matching services are actually bound together, our approach guarantees deadlock-free interaction. In this paper, matching of deterministic as well as non-deterministic automata with operating guidelines is presented.

  

• Peter Massuthe and Karsten Wolf. Operating Guidelines for Services. Petri Net Newsletter, 70: 9-14, April 2006.

  Abstract: In the service-oriented architecture (SOA), we distinguish three roles of service owners: service providers, service requesters, and service brokers, and the three standard operations publish, find, and bind. We provide a formal method based on Petri nets to model services. We suggest operating guidelines as a convenient and intuitive artifact to realize publish. Then, the find operation reduces to a matching problem between the requester's service and the operating guideline.

  

• Peter Massuthe, Wolfgang Reisig, and Karsten Schmidt. An Operating Guideline Approach to the SOA. Annals of Mathematics, Computing & Teleinformatics, 1(3): 35-43, 2005.

  Abstract: Interorganizational cooperation is more andmore organized by the paradigm of services. The serviceoriented architecture (SOA) provides a general framework for service interaction. It describes three roles, service provider, service requester, and service broker, together with the three operations publish, find, and bind. We provide a formal method based on Petri nets to model services and their cooperation. We characterize well-behaving pairs of requester's and provider's services and suggest operating guidelines as a convenient and intuitive artifact to realize publish. In our approach, the find operation reduces to a matching problem between the requester's service and the operating guideline. Binding of a requester's and a provider's service is therefore guaranteed to result in a well-behaving cooperating service. At this time, the approach is limited to acyclic Petri nets.

  

Konferenzbeiträge und Beiträge auf Workshops

• Karsten Wolf, Christian Stahl, Janine Ott, and Robert Danitz. Verifying Livelock Freedom in an SOA Scenario. In Stephen Edwards and Walter Vogler, editors, Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Application of Concurrency to System Design (ACSD'09), Augsburg, Germany, July 2009. IEEE Computer Society.

  Abstract: In a service-oriented architecture (SOA), a service broker assigns a previously published service (stored in a service registry) to a service requester. It is desirable for the composition of the requesting and the assigned service to interact properly. While proper interaction is often reduced to deadlock freedom of the composed system, we additionally consider livelock freedom as a desirable property for the interaction of services. In principle, deadlock- and livelock freedom can be verified by inspecting the state space of the composition of (public views of) the involved services. The contribution of this paper is to propose a methodology to build that state space from pre-computed fragments which are computed upon publishing a service. That way, we shift computation time from the time critical request phase of service brokerage to the less critical publish phase. Interestingly, our setting enables state space reduction methods that are intrinsically different from traditional state space reductions.

  

• Wil M. P. van der Aalst, Arjan J. Mooij, Christian Stahl, and Karsten Wolf. Service Interaction: Patterns, Formalization, and Analysis. In Marco Bernardo, Luca Padovani, and Gianluigi Zavattaro, editors, Formal Methods for Web Services (SFM 2009), volume 5569, pages 42--88, April 2009. Springer-Verlag.

  Abstract: As systems become more service oriented and processes increasingly cross organizational boundaries, interaction becomes more important. New technologies support the development of such systems. However, the paradigm shift towards service orientation, requires a fundamentally different way of looking at processes. This survey aims to provide some foundational notions related to service interaction. A set of service interaction patterns is given to illustrate the challenges in this domain. Moreover, key results are given for three of these challenges: (1) How to expose a service?, (2) How to replace and refine services?, and (3) How to generate service adapters? These challenges will be addressed in a Petri net setting. However, the results extend to other languages used in this domain.

  

• Wil M. P. van der Aalst, Niels Lohmann, Peter Massuthe, Christian Stahl, and Karsten Wolf. From Public Views to Private Views -- Correctness-by-Design for Services. In Marlon Dumas and Reiko Heckel, editors, Web Services and Formal Methods, Forth International Workshop, WS-FM 2007 Brisbane, Australia, September 28-29, 2007, Proceedings, volume 4937 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 139-153, 2008. Springer-Verlag.

  Abstract: Service orientation is a means for integrating across diverse systems. Each resource, whether an application, system, or trading partner, can be accessed as a service. The resulting architecture, often referred to as SOA, has been an important enabler for interorganizational processes. Apart from technological issues that need to be addressed, it is important that all parties involved in such processes agree on the "rules of engagement". Therefore, we propose to use a contract that specifies the composition of the public views of all participating parties. Each party may then implement its part of the contract such that the implementation (i.e., the private view) accords with the contract. In this paper, we define a suitable notion of accordance inspired by the asynchronous nature of services. Moreover, we present several transformation rules for incrementally building a private view such that accordance with the contract is guaranteed by construction. These rules include adding internal tasks as well as the reordering of messages and are therefore much more powerful than existing correctness-preserving construction rules.

  

• Chistian Stahl and Karsten Wolf. An Approach to Tackle Livelock-Freedom in SOA. In Niels Lohmann and Karsten Wolf, editors, Proceedings of the 15th German Workshop on Algorithms and Tools for Petri Nets, AWPN 2008, Rostock, Germany, September 26--27, 2008, volume 380 of CEUR Workshop Proceedings, pages 69-74, September 2008. CEUR-WS.org.

  Abstract: We calculate a fixed finite set of state space fragments for a service P, where each fragment carries a part of the whole behavior of P. By composing these fragments according to the behavior of a service R we build the state space of their composition P \oplus R which can be checked for deadlocks and livelocks. We show that this approach is applicable to realize a ``find'' request by a service $R$ with a provided service P in SOA.

  

• Christian Stahl and Karsten Wolf. Covering Places and Transitions in Open Nets. In Marlon Dumas and Manfred Reichert, editors, Business Process Management, 6th International Conference, BPM 2008, Milan, Italy, September 1-4, 2008, Proceedings, volume 5240 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 116-131, September 2008. Springer-Verlag.

  Abstract: We present a finite representation of all services M where the composition with a given service N is deadlock-free, and a given set of activities of N can be covered (i.e. is not dead). Our representation is an extension of the existing notion of an operating guideline which only cared about deadlock freedom. We further present an algorithm to decide whether a service M matches with the extended operating guideline of N.

  

• Wil M. P. van der Aalst, Michael Beisiegel, Kees M. van Hee, Dieter König, and Christian Stahl. A SOA-Based Architecture Framework. In Frank Leymann, Wolfgang Reisig, Satish R. Thatte, and Wil M. P. van der Aalst, editors, The Role of Business Processes in Service Oriented Architectures, number 06291 of Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, November 2006. Internationales Begegnungs- und Forschungszentrum fuer Informatik (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany.

  Abstract: In this paper we present first results of a SOA-based architecture framework. The architecture framework is required to be close to industry standards, especially to service component architecture (SCA), language independent (i.e. it is adoptable) and the building blocks of each system, activities and data, are first class citizens. We present a meta model of the architecture framework and discuss its concepts in detail.

  

• Peter Massuthe and Karsten Wolf. An Algorithm for Matching Nondeterministic Services with Operating Guidelines. In Frank Leymann, Wolfgang Reisig, Satish R. Thatte, and Wil M. P. van der Aalst, editors, The Role of Business Processes in Service Oriented Architectures, number 06291 of Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, 2006. Internationales Begegnungs- und Forschungszentrum fuer Informatik (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany.

  Abstract: Interorganizational cooperation is more and more organized by the paradigm of services. Service-oriented architectures (SOA) provide a general framework for service interaction. SOA describe three roles of services, the service provider, the service requester, and the service broker, together with the three operations publish, find, and bind. We provide a formal method based on nondeterministic automata to model services and their interaction. In this paper, we restrict ourselves to finite and acyclic automata. We suggest operating guidelines as a convenient and intuitive artifact to realize the publish operation. In our approach, the find operation reduces to a matching problem between the requester's service and the published operating guidelines. If matching services are actually bound together, our approach guarantees deadlock-free communication. In this paper, matching of deterministic as well as nondeterministic automata with operating guidelines is presented.

  

• Wolfgang Reisig, Dirk Fahland, Niels Lohmann, Peter Massuthe, Christian Stahl, Daniela Weinberg, Karsten Wolf, and Kathrin Kaschner. Analysis Techniques for Service Models. In Second International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation, 2006 (ISoLA 2006), 15-19 November 2006, Paphos, Cyprus, pages 11-17, November 2006. IEEE Computer Society.

  Abstract: The paradigm of Service-Oriented Computing (SOC) provides a framework for interorganizational business processes and for the emerging programming-in-the-large. The basic idea of SOC, the interaction of services, rises a lot of issues such as proper termination of interacting services or substitution of a service by another one. Such issues can be addressed by means of models of services. We show how services can intelligibly be modeled, and we present algorithms and tools to analyze properties of service models. To make sure that our models properly reflect real world issues of services, we model and investigate services represented in established languages such as WS-BPEL.

  

• Peter Massuthe, Wolfgang Reisig, and Karsten Schmidt. An Operating Guideline Approach to the SOA. In 2nd South-East European Workshop on Formal Methods 2005 (SEEFM05), Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia, 2005.

• Peter Massuthe and Karsten Schmidt. Operating Guidelines - an Automata-Theoretic Foundation for the Service-Oriented Architecture. In Kai-Yuan Cai, Atsushi Ohnishi, and M.F. Lau, editors, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Quality Software (QSIC 2005), Melbourne, Australia, pages 452-457, September 2005. IEEE Computer Society.

  Abstract: In the service-oriented architecture (SOA), we distinguish three roles of service owners: service providers, service requesters, and service brokers. Each service provider publishes information to the broker about how requesters can interact with its service. Thus, the broker can assign a fitting service provider to a querying requester. We propose the information published to the broker to be operating guidelines. Operating guidelines are essentially communication instructions for the service requester. We present an automata-theoretic approach that is centered around operating guidelines and is capable of implementing all tasks arising in the SOA.

  

• Peter Massuthe and Karsten Schmidt. Operating Guidelines for Services. In Karsten Schmidt and Christian Stahl, editors, 12. Workshop Algorithmen und Werkzeuge für Petrinetze (AWPN 2005), Proceedings, pages 78-83, September 2005. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.

  Abstract: In the service-oriented architecture (SOA), we distinguish three roles of service owners:service providers, service requesters, and service brokers, and the three standard operations publish, find, and bind. We provide a formal method based on Petri nets to model services. We suggest operating guidelines as a convenient and intuitive artifact to realize publish. Then, the find operation reduces to a matching problem between the requester?s service and the operating guideline.

  

Technische Berichte

• Christian Stahl, Peter Massuthe, and Jan Bretschneider. Deciding Substitutability of Services with Operating Guidelines. Informatik-Berichte 222, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, April 2008.

  Abstract: Deciding whether a service $S$ can be substituted by another service S' is an important problem in practice and one of the research challenges in service-oriented computing. In this paper, we define three substitutability notions for services. Accordance specifies that S' cooperates with at least the environments that S cooperates with. S and S' are equivalent if they cooperate with the same environments. To guarantee that S' cooperates with a fixed subset of environments that S cooperates with, the notion of deprecation can be used. For each substitutability notion we present a decision algorithm. To this end we apply the concept of an operating guideline of a service as an abstract representation of all environments the service cooperates with.

  

• Kees M. van Hee, H.M.W. Verbeek, Christian Stahl, and Natalia Sidorova. A Framework for Linking and Pricing No-Cure-No-Pay Services. Computer Science Report 08/19, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, June 2008.

  Abstract: In this paper, we present a framework that allows us to orchestrate web services such that the web services involved in this orchestration interact properly. To achieve this, we predefine service interfaces and certain routing constructs. Furthermore, we define a number of rules to incrementally compute the price of such a properly interacting orchestration (i.e. a web service) from the price of its web services. The fact that a web service gets only payed after its service is delivered (no-cure-no-pay) is reflected by considering a probability of success. To determine a safe price that includes the risk a web service takes, we consider the variance of costs.

  

• Wil M. P. van der Aalst, Michael Beisiegel, Kees M. van Hee, Dieter König, and Christian Stahl. A SOA-Based Architecture Framework. Computer Science Report 07/02, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, The Netherlands, January 2007.

  Abstract: We present a SOA-based architecture framework. The architecture framework is designed to be close to industry standards, especially to the Service Component Architecture (SCA). The framework is language independent and the building blocks of each system, activities and data, are first class citizens. We present a \emph{meta model} of the architecture framework and discuss its concepts in detail. Through the framework concepts such as wiring, correlation, and instantiation can be clarified. This allows us to demystify some of the confusion related to SOA.

  

• Kees M. van Hee, Natalia Sidorova, Christian Stahl, and H. M. W. Verbeek. A Price of Service in a Compositional SOA Framework. Computer Science Report 07/16, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, The Netherlands, July 2007.

  Abstract: In this paper we propose a framework for SOA covering such important features as proper termination (soundness) and correct correlation of tasks. Within this framework, we define a method for the calculation of the price of services. Our framework is compositional in the sense that composing a system from subsystems that meet our correctness requirements we obtain a system that still meets these requirements.

  

• Dieter König, Niels Lohmann, Simon Moser, Christian Stahl, and Karsten Wolf. Extending the Compatibility Notion for Abstract WS-BPEL Processes. Preprint CS-02-07, Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany, November 2007.

  Abstract: WS-BPEL defines a standard for executable business processes. Executable processes are business processes which can be automated through an IT infrastructure. The WS-BPEL specification also introduces the concept of abstract processes: In contrast to their executable siblings, abstract processes are not executable and can have parts where business logic is disguised. Nevertheless, the WS-BPEL specification introduces a notion of compatibility between such an under-specified abstract process and a fully specified executable one. Basically, this compatibility notion defines a set of syntactical rules that can be augmented or restricted by profiles. So far, there exists two of such profiles: the Abstract Process Profile for Observable Behavior and the Abstract Process Profile for Templates. None of these profiles defines a concept of behavioral equivalence. Therefore, both profiles are too strict with respect to the rules they impose when deciding whether an executable process is compatible to an abstract one. In this paper, we propose a novel profile that extends the existing Abstract Process Profile for Observable Behavior by defining a behavioral relationship. We also show that our novel profile allows for more flexibility when deciding whether an executable and an abstract process are compatible.

  

• Peter Massuthe and Karsten Wolf. An Algorithm for Matching Nondeterministic Services with Operating Guidelines. Informatik-Berichte 202, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2006.

  Abstract: Interorganizational cooperation is more and more organizedby the paradigm of services. Service-oriented architectures (SOA) provide a general framework for service interaction. SOA describe three roles of services, the service provider, the service requester, and the service broker, together with the three operations publish, find, and bind. We provide a formal method based on nondeterministic automata to model services and their interaction. In this paper, we restrict ourselves to finite and acyclic automata. We suggest operating guidelines as a convenient and intuitive artifact to realize the publish operation. In our approach, the find operation reduces to a matching problem between the requester's service and the published operating guidelines. If matching services are actually bound together, our approach guarantees deadlockfree communication. In this paper, matching of deterministic as well as nondeterministic automata with operating guidelines is presented.

  

• Peter Massuthe, Wolfgang Reisig, and Karsten Schmidt. An Operating Guideline Approach to the SOA. Informatik-Berichte 191, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2005.

  Abstract: Interorganizational cooperation is more and more organized by the paradigm of services. The service-oriented architecture (SOA) provides a general framework for service interaction. It describes three roles, service provider, service requester, and service broker, together with the three operations publish, find, and bind. We provide a formal method based on Petri nets to model services and their cooperation. We characterize well-behaving pairs of requester?s and provider?s services and suggest operating guidelines as a convenient and intuitive artifact to realize publish. Then, the find operation reduces to a matching problem between the requester?s service and the operating guideline. Binding of a requester?s and a provider?s service is therefore guaranteed to result in a well-behaving cooperating service.

  

• Peter Massuthe and Karsten Schmidt. Matching Nondeterministic Services with Operating Guidelines. Informatik-Berichte 193, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, June 2005.

  Abstract: Abstract Interorganizational cooperation is more and more organizedby the paradigm of services. The service-oriented architecture (SOA) provides a general framework for service interaction. It describes three roles, service provider, service requester, and service broker, together with the operations publish, find, and bind. We provide a formal method based on nondeterministic automata to model services and their interaction. We suggest operating guidelines as a convenient and intuitive artifact to realize publish. In our approach, the find operation reduces to a matching problem between the requester?s service and operating guidelines. In this paper, matching of deterministic as well as nondeterministic automata with operating guidelines is presented.

  

Studien- und Diplomarbeiten

• Jan Bretschneider. Produktbedienungsanleitungen zur Charakterisierung austauschbarer Services. Diplomarbeit, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, March 2007.

  Abstract: Unternehmen sind bestrebt, immer mehr Geschäfte mit ihren Kunden teilweise oder vollständig automatisiert abzuwickeln. In diesem Bestreben machen sie mehr und mehr Gebrauch von der serviceorientierten Architektur (SOA). Grundbaustein der SOA ist der Service, der eine von einem Unternehmen angebotene Dienstleistung oder Funktionalität über eine wohldefinierte Schnittstelle bereitstellt und von Kunden oder Services anderer Unternehmen verwendet werden kann. Damit wir zwei Services als sinnvoll miteinander interagierend bezeichnen können, müssen sie verschiedene Mindestanforderungen erfüllen. Auf Grundlage dieser Mindestanforderungen können wir für jeden gegebenen Service eine Bedienungsanleitung konstruieren, die alle sinnvoll mit ihm interagierenden Services charakterisiert. Auch tritt die Frage auf, gegen welche Services ein Service ausgetauscht werden kann, so dass alle Services, die mit dem alten sinnvoll interagieren konnten, auch mit dem neuen sinnvoll interagieren können. Diesen allgemeinen Austauschbarkeitsbegriff parametrisieren wir in der vorliegenden Arbeit und beschäftigen uns mit dem Fall, dass durch den Austausch eines Services nur eine bestimmte Menge von Services unberührt bleiben soll, weil dies eine größere Freiheit in der Wahl des austauschenden Service erlaubt. Wir werden die Menge der Services, gegen die sich ein bestimmter Service bezüglich einer gegebenen Menge von Services austauschen lässt, mit Hilfe des Konzepts der Bedienungsanleitungen genau charakterisieren.

  

• Christian Gierds. Ein schärferes Kriterium für die Wahl von Endzuständen in Bedienungsanleitungen, Liberalsten Partnern und Public Views. Studienarbeit, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, October 2007.

  Abstract: In der Welt der Service Orientierten Architektur (SOA) besteht der Bedarf, Dienste auf ihre mögliche Interaktion mit anderen Diensten hin zu untersuchen. Dienste werden wir in Form von Serviceautomaten betrachten, die als asynchron kommunizierende Automaten definiert sind. Um die Frage einer sinnvollen, also verklemmungsfreien Kommunikation zu klären, gibt es das Konzept der Bedienungsanleitungen. Wie werden für diese ein scharfes Kriterium für die Wahl der Endzustände angeben und zeigen, dass diese Wahl sich in vorhandene Konzepte integriert. Besonderes Augenmerk werden wir dabei auf den Liberalsten Partner und den Public View eines Serviceautomaten werfen und an diesen unsere Definition rechtfertigen.

  

• Peter Laufer. Public-View-Generierung. Diplomarbeit, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, November 2007.

  Abstract: Die Analyse und Optimierung der Geschäftsprozesse ist von enormer Bedeutung für den langfristigen Erfolg eines Unternehmens. Die Märkte sind heutzutage zunehmend global und befinden sich in stetem Wandel, was eine fortwährende Überprüfung und Anpassung der Prozesse innerhalb eines Unternehmens erfordert. Durch den rasanten technologischen Fortschritt und den vermehrten Einsatz von Computern lassen sich immer größere Teile von Prozessen automatisieren. Einen neuen Ansatz zur Realisierung der IT-Infrastruktur in Unternehmen stellt dabei die service-orientierte Architektur (SOA) dar. Services, die eine wohldefinierte Funktionalität in einem Netzwerk zur Verfügung stellen, lassen sich unter relativ geringem Aufwand zu neuen Prozessen kombinieren und bei Bedarf ersetzen, ohne dass eine kostenintensive Anpassung vorhandener Lösungen erforderlich ist. Über das Internet können Dienste als sog. Web-Services zur Verfügung gestellt werden und so in die Abläufe der Prozesse anderer Unternehmen integriert werden. Um Services für potentielle Interessenten bekannt zu machen, muss eine Beschreibung der Funktionalität bei einem Verzeichnisdienst (service broker) hinterlegt werden. Im Bereich der Veröffentlichung von Services in Verzeichnisdiensten bieten sich zwei Konzepte zur Abstraktion von unternehmensinternen Informationen der Prozesse an: der Public View und die Bedienungsanleitung. Während für beliebige Prozesse eine Bedienungsanleitung automatisch berechnet werden kann und es Algorithmen gibt, die auf Basis der Bedienungsanleitungen entscheiden können, ob zwei Prozesse problemlos miteinander interagieren können, muss ein Public View bisher noch von einem Entwickler per Hand modelliert werden. Eine solche Modellierung ist jedoch aufwendig, fehleranfällig und kann ohne eine anschließende Verifikation nicht garantieren, dass sich der ursprüngliche Prozess P und sein Public View P' in Bezug auf die Bedienbarkeit äquivalent verhalten. Wir wollen uns in dieser Arbeit daher mit Verfahren zur automatischen Public-View-Generierung befassen. Verschiedene Ansätze werden im Detail vorgestellt und miteinander verglichen. Anhand von Fallstudien werden wir die Stärken und Schwächen der Verfahren näher beleuchten und Empfehlungen zu deren Einsatz ableiten.

  

• Kathrin Kaschner. BDD-basiertes Matching von Services. Diplomarbeit, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, March 2006.

  Abstract: Moderne Software-Systeme werden zunehmend nach dem Paradigma der ServiceorientiertenArchitektur (SOA) aus unabhängigen Services zusammengesetzt, die definierte Funktionen zur Verfügung stellen und Nachrichten miteinander austauschen. Eine Möglichkeit zur Gewährleistung der reibungslosen Kommunikation besteht in der Bereitstellung einer Bedienungsanleitung durch den Service Provider, mit der der Service Broker anhand eines Prüfverfahrens - dem Matching - entscheiden kann, ob der Service eines Service Requesters zu dem angebotenen Service passt. Für die praktische Anwendung müssen Bedienungsanleitungen in geeigneter Weise kodiert werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden dazu Binäre Entscheidungsdiagramme (BDDs) genutzt. Für das Matching wird der Service des Service Requesters durch einen Serviceautomaten modelliert, der seinerseits ebenfalls in eine BDD-Darstellung überführt wird. Darauf aufbauend wird schließlich ein Matching-Algorithmus entwickelt und seine Korrektheit bewiesen. Die Effizienz der Kodierung durch BDDs und die Funktionsweise des BDD-basierten Matching-Algorithmus wird an Beispielen gezeigt.

  

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